第一辑 安乐与自在 Volume 1: Inner Peace and Freedom
第十章自由意志和行苦
Chapter 10: Free Will and Pervasive Suffering
人类是有自由意志的，但自由意志的盲目造作，却让我们越来越不自在。
你是在追求自由，还是在随顺业力？
Humans have free will, but the blind actions of free will make us less and less free.
Are you pursuing freedom or following karma?
今天，我们来进一步了解生命的真相。
Today, let's further explore the reality of life.
我们知道，人类是有主观能动性的，也就是说，人类是有自由意志的、是有创造力的。从自然科学来说，根据热力学第二定律，孤立系统总是趋于熵增，最终达到熵的最大状态，也就是整个系统最混乱无序的状态。
We know that humans have subjective agency, that is, humans have free will and creativity. According to natural science, based on the second law of thermodynamics, an isolated system tends to increase in entropy, eventually reaching a state with maximum entropy, which is the most disordered state of the system.
但是，在孤立的系统内部，如果存在“有自由意志的生物”，在生物死亡之前，孤立系统的熵值是可以持续减少的，这个好像就违反了自然科学。
However, in an isolated system, if there is an organism with free will, the entropy of the isolated system can continue to decrease before the organism dies. This seems to violate natural science.
举个最简单的例子，大河向东流，这是自然规律。在大河中，一切没有自由意志的事物都必定是向东流的，但是有自由意志的生物就可以一直逆流而上，到达大河的源头。还有，被有自由意志的生物所驾驭的事物,也是可以逆流而上的。
Let's consider a simple example: a river flows eastward. This is in line with the law of nature. In the river, everything without free will inevitably flows eastward. However, living organisms with free will can swim against the current all the way to the source of the river. Furthermore, things driven by organisms with free will can also move against the current.
人类之所以被称为是有灵性的生命，他的灵性就体现在自由意志上。可是，虽然人类是有自由意志的，但人类却不明白宇宙、生命的真相和真理，于是自由意志就会妄动，这个妄动就是盲目的造作。自由意志的造作就会产生惯性的力量，这种惯性的力量并不会消失，而会以能量的形式存储在每个人的心智中。
Human beings are called spiritual beings, because their spirituality is reflected in their free will. However, although humans have free will, they don't understand the reality and truth of the universe and life. Thus, their free will tends to act ignorantly, which is blind action. The actions of free will produce inertial force, which doesn't disappear but is stored as energy in each individual's mind.
自由意志在不断地造作，在造作的过程中，就会积累越来越多的惯性能量。我们把自由意志造作所积累的惯性能量，叫做业。业在串习的过程中不断积累的能量，叫做业习。
Free will is constantly acting, and in the process, it accumulates more and more inertial energy. We refer to the inertial energy accumulated from the actions of free will as "karma". The energy accumulated through repeated karmic actions is known as "karmic habit".
业有善业、恶业，以及不善不恶业（平庸的业）。善业的串习叫善业习，恶业的串习叫恶业习，不善不恶的业（平庸的业）叫平庸的业习。这些业习会以能量的形式存储在每个人的心智中。
Karma is categorized into positive karma, negative karma, and neutral (neither positive nor negative) karma. The habituation of positive karma is called positive karmic habit, the habituation of negative karma is called negative karmic habit, while the habituation of neutral karma is called neutral karmic habit. These karmic habits are stored as energy in each individual's mind.
我们在生活当中，都听到过“造业”这个名词，“造”是造作、创作的意思，“业”是专指造作累积的惯性能量，并不是造孽的意思。“造孽”是专指“造作恶业”。
In our daily lives, we have heard the term 'Zào Yè' (creating karma). 'Zào' means creating or generating, while 'Yè' refers to the inertial energy accumulated from the actions. Creating karma doesn't mean "committing sins". "Committing sins" specifically refers to creating negative karma.
我们生活当中也听说过“事业”、“家业”这样的名词，“家业”就是家庭成员通过努力的工作和创造而累积的财富、田产等。
In our daily lives, we have also heard terms such as 'Shì Yè' (career) and 'Jiā Yè' (family property), where 'Jiā Yè' refers to the wealth and assets accumulated by family members through hard work.
我们对“业”这个名词有一个比较明确而深刻的理解是非常重要的。“业”是惯性能量，业的串习叫业习。业习会反过来作用于自由意志，这种反作用于自由意志的力量，叫业力。当业习和业力越来越强大时，人类的自在度就会变得越来越小。
It's important for us to have a clear and profound understanding of the term "karma". "Karma" is inertia energy, and the habituation of karma is called karmic habit. Karmic habit, in turn, exerts a force on free will, and this force is called karmic force. As the karmic habit and karmic force grow stronger and stronger, the freedom of humans becomes less and less.
我们举个例子：吸烟。
Let's take smoking as an example.
如果一个人完全不吸烟，他在吸烟这件事情上，既没有业习，也没有业力，那么，在吸烟这件事情上他是彻底自在的。
If a person doesn't smoke at all, then in regard to smoking, they have neither karmic habit nor karmic force, they are completely free.
但是，忽然有一天，他在朋友的诱导下尝试着吸烟，刚开始只是偶尔吸几根，并没有上瘾，那么他想要吸烟的这种逼迫感就非常微弱，也就是说，他吸烟的业习非常微弱，在吸烟的这件事情上，他的自由度还是比较大的。
However, one day, tempted by a friend, they decide to try smoking. Initially, they only smoke occasionally without getting addicted, so the compulsion to smoke is very weak. In other words, their karmic habit of smoking is very weak. In regard to smoking, they still have a relatively high degree of freedom.
经过一段时间的串习，慢慢地，从刚开始是两天一包，到一天一包，吸烟的业习在逐渐增强，吸烟开始有点上瘾，这个时候，吸烟的业力会使人隐隐地感受到一种逼迫、不自在。我们把这种由业力所带来的逼迫感和不自在感，叫做行苦。
After a period of habituation, they gradually increase their smoking frequency from one pack every two days to one pack per day. The karmic habit of smoking gradually intensifies, and they start to become addicted to smoking. At this point, somehow the karmic force of smoking makes them feel compulsive and lack freedom. We refer to the sense of compulsion and lack of freedom brought by the karmic force as pervasive suffering.
然后，当烟瘾越来越大，到后来，要一天两包，甚至三包，这个时候，吸烟产生的业力已经很强大了，在吸烟这件事情上他就几乎没有什么自在了。
As the addiction to smoking intensifies, they have to smoke two or even three packs per day. At this point, the karmic force generated by smoking already becomes very powerful. In regard to smoking, they have very little freedom.
不吸，业力会让他感到很痛苦；如果随顺业力去吸烟，就会让他感受到“变苦”（快乐），增长业习。
If they choose not to smoke, the karmic force will make them experience great suffering; if they succumb to the karmic force and smoke, they will experience the suffering of change (happiness), which further strengthens the karmic habit.
从此以后，烟瘾带来的行苦，会让这个人在业力的逼迫下，被驱动着每天都在过着不停地吸烟的生活，从而不断地感受到痛苦和变苦（快乐）的转换，恶性循环。在吸烟这件事情上，他从自在、安乐的状态，变成了没有自在、没有安乐的状态。
From then on, the pervasive suffering brought by the smoking addiction drives them to live a life of continuous smoking under the compulsion of the karmic force, thereby constantly switching between suffering and suffering of change (happiness), creating a vicious cycle. In regard to smoking, they have transitioned from a state of freedom and peace to a state without freedom and peace.
再举个例子：玩游戏。
Let's take playing games as another example.
如果一个人完全不玩游戏，他在玩游戏这件事情上，既没有业习，也没有业力，他是自在的。
If a person doesn't play games at all, then in regard to gaming, they have neither karmic habit nor karmic force, they are free.
但是，忽然有一天，在朋友的诱导下，他尝试着玩游戏。刚开始只是偶尔玩玩，并没有上瘾，那么他想要玩游戏的这种逼迫感就会非常微弱，也就是说，玩游戏的业习非常微弱，在玩游戏的这件事情上他还是比较自在的。
However, one day, tempted by a friend, they decide to try playing games. Initially, they only play games occasionally without getting addicted, so the compulsion to play games is very weak. In other words, their karmic habit of gaming is very weak. In regard to gaming, they are still relatively free.
经过一段时间的串习，慢慢地，从刚开始是一天玩一、两个小时，到一天玩四、五个小时，玩游戏的业习在逐渐增强，这个时候，开始有点上瘾了，玩游戏的业力会使他隐隐地感受到一种逼迫、不自在，也就是说，他已经开始感受到行苦了。
After a period of habituation, they gradually increase their gaming frequency from one or two hours per day to four or five hours per day. The karmic habit of gaming gradually intensifies, and they start to become addicted to gaming. Somehow the karmic force of gaming makes them feel compulsive and lack freedom. In other words, they start to experience pervasive suffering.
然后，当玩瘾越来越大，到后来，经常整天玩，甚至开始熬夜、通宵，有人甚至玩到虚脱、玩到猝死。这样的新闻报道不是个例。
As the addiction intensifies, they may often play games all day long, and even stay up all night. Some individuals have even played to the point of exhaustion or sudden death. These news reports are not isolated cases.
这个时候，玩游戏产生的业力已经很强大了，在玩游戏这件事情上他就几乎没有自在了。不玩，业力会让他感到很痛苦；如果随顺业力去接着玩，他就会感受到变苦（快乐），增长业习。
At this point, the karmic force generated by gaming already becomes very powerful. In regard to gaming, they have very little freedom. If they choose not to play, the karmic force will make them experience great suffering; if they succumb to the karmic force and continue playing, they will experience the suffering of change (happiness), which further strengthens the karmic habit.
从此以后，玩瘾的行苦，会让这个人在业力的逼迫下被驱动着沉迷于游戏，从而不断地感受到痛苦和变苦（快乐）的转换，恶性循环，在玩游戏这件事情上，他从自在、安乐的状态，变成了没有自在、没有安乐的状态。
From then on, the pervasive suffering brought by the gaming addiction drives them to get addicted to gaming under the compulsion of the karmic force, thereby constantly switching between suffering and suffering of change (happiness), creating a vicious cycle. In regard to gaming, they have transitioned from a state of freedom and peace to a state without freedom and peace.
总之，人类自由意志的妄动产生了业，业的累积形成业习。业习反作用于自由意志时，业习也叫作业力。
In summary, the blind actions of free will generate karma, and the accumulation of karma forms karmic habits. When a karmic habit exerts a force on free will, the karmic habit is also called karmic force.
业力必定会给人类带来逼迫感和不自在感。也就是说，业力必定会给人类带来行苦。
Karma inevitably brings about a sense of compulsion and lack of freedom to humans. In other words, karma inevitably leads to pervasive suffering.
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