第一辑 安乐与自在 Volume 1: Inner Peace and Freedom
第七章：快乐与安乐的区别
Chapter 7: Happiness vs. Peace
快乐和痛苦的关系是什么？
安乐和快乐的区别是什么？
要安乐还是要快乐？
What is the relationship between happiness and suffering?
What is the difference between peace and happiness?
Do you prefer peace or happiness?
有一种乐叫安乐，安乐不是快乐。
There is a kind of joy called peace, which is different from happiness.
在第一章我们有提到，人类的痛苦主要是身体的痛苦，还有心理上的求不得苦、爱别离苦、怨憎会苦，
In Chapter 1, we mentioned that human suffering is primarily physical suffering, as well as psychological suffering, namely, the suffering of not getting what one wants, the suffering of separation from what one loves, and the suffering of encountering what one dislikes.
当这些痛苦缓解的同时，不安、担忧、紧张、恐惧等各种负面情绪也会得到舒缓，人类把这个过程的感受叫快乐。
When these sufferings are alleviated, various negative emotions such as anxiety, worry, tension, and fear are also relieved. Humans refer to the experience of this process as "happiness".
“快”是短暂的意思，“乐”是缓解、舒缓的意思，我们把快乐叫作变苦，因为这个过程只有痛苦的缓解、舒缓，没有别的。
In the term 'Kuai Le' (happiness), 'Kuai' means fleeting, while 'Le' means alleviation. We refer to happiness as the suffering of change, because in this process, there is only the alleviation of suffering, without anything else.
但是，当人类的痛苦缓解到暂时解除、或者负面情绪舒缓得暂时消失、也就是变苦暂时消失的时候，这种即没有痛苦和负面情绪，也没有变苦（快乐）的状态，叫做安乐。
However, when suffering or negative emotions are temporarily relieved, that is, when the suffering of change (happiness) disappears, this state of freedom from suffering, negative emotions, and suffering of change (happiness) is called "peace".
简单讲，就是即没有苦、也没有乐的状态。安乐是清净的、是自在的。但是人类的这种安乐是相对的，也是暂时的，因为痛苦和负面情绪随时都有可能再次降临。
Simply put, it is a state where there is neither suffering nor happiness. Peace is pure and free. However, this peace is relative and temporary, because suffering and negative emotions can emerge again at any time.
其实，普通的人类很少有暂时安乐的时候，绝大多数的时间都活在痛苦或痛苦的缓解中，活在负面情绪或负面情绪的舒缓中。
In fact, ordinary people rarely experience temporary peace. Most of their time is lived in suffering or the alleviation of suffering, in negative emotions or the alleviation of negative emotions.
当一个人对亲人或事物的贪着心比较弱时，他的各种痛苦就比较少；痛苦比较少，那他的变苦（快乐）就比较少了。这样的话，就会多一点相对的、暂时的安乐。
When a person has weak attachment to their loved ones or things, they experience less suffering. With less suffering, they also experience less suffering of change (happiness). In this way, the relative and temporary peace they experience are more.
当一个人对亲人或事物没有贪着心时，他就不会因此而产生各种痛苦；没有痛苦，那他就没有变苦（快乐）。这样的话，他就在这个亲人或这件事上得到了彻底的安乐。只要他不起贪求心，他就会得到长久的安乐。
When a person has no attachment to their loved ones or things, they won't suffer due to them. Without suffering, they won't experience the suffering of change (happiness). In this case, concerning their loved ones or things, they have attained complete peace. As long as they don't crave, they will attain lasting peace.
举个例子，吸烟的人，烟瘾上来的时候是痛苦的，吸烟的时候就是变苦（快乐）了。
Let's take the example of a smoker. When the craving for a cigarette arises, they experience suffering; when smoking, they experience the suffering of change (happiness).
从刚开始是两天一包，到一天一包，再到后来要一天两包，甚至三包。烟瘾越大就越痛苦，吸烟的时候变苦（快乐）就会越强烈。
Initially, they may smoke one pack every two days, then progress to one pack per day, two packs per day, or even three packs per day. The greater the addiction, the more intense the suffering, and the stronger the suffering of change (happiness) when smoking.
如果一个吸烟的人并没有上瘾，只是偶尔吸几根，那么，他想要吸烟的痛苦就非常微弱，变苦（快乐）也就非常微弱，几乎没有。这种状态和有烟瘾的人相比来说，就是相对的安乐。
If an occasional smoker is not addicted to smoking, then their suffering of craving smoking is very weak, and their suffering of change (happiness) is also very weak, almost negligible. Compared to those with a smoking addiction, this state is relative peace.
如果一个人完全不吸烟，一根也不吸，他在吸烟这件事情上，既没有痛苦，也没有变苦（快乐），那么，在吸烟这件事情上，他的安乐是彻底和长久的，这种安乐是清净、自在的。
If a person doesn't smoke at all, not even a single cigarette, then they have neither suffering nor suffering of change (happiness) related to smoking. As a result, in regard to smoking, their peace is complete, lasting, pure, and free.
再举个例子，打麻将或其他的赌博，赌瘾上来的时候是痛苦的，赌博的时候输了还多一重苦。
Let's take playing mahjong or other gambling as another example. When the addiction arises, they experience suffering; when they lose a round, they experience another layer of suffering.
从刚开始是小赌，慢慢地越赌越大（赌瘾越来越大）。赌的时候，不管输赢，先过了赌瘾再说。
Initially, they may start with small bets, and then gradually increase their bets. (The gambling addiction intensifies over time.) When gambling, regardless of winning or losing, they prioritize satisfying their gambling addiction.
赌赢了的时候变苦（快乐）就很强烈，如果赌输了，虽然又多一重苦，但是，由于赌瘾大，有的人甚至到了快要倾家荡产的时候也没有办法收手。
If they win, the suffering of change (happiness) is intense. If they lose, despite another layer of suffering, due to strong gambling addiction, some people still cannot stop even when they are about to go bankrupt.
如果一个赌博的人并没有上瘾，只是偶尔赌点小钱，那么他想要赌博的这种心理上的苦就非常微弱，变苦（快乐）也就非常微弱，几乎就觉察不到。这种状态，和有赌瘾的人相比较来说，就是相对的安乐。
If an occasional gambler is not addicted to gambling, then their mental suffering of craving gambling is very weak, and their suffering of change (happiness) is also very weak, almost negligible. Compared to those with a gambling addiction, this state is relative peace.
但是，如果一个人完全不赌博，一点也不沾，他在赌博这件事情上，既没有痛苦，也没有变苦（快乐），那么，在赌博这件事情上，他的安乐是彻底和长久的，这种安乐是清净、自在的。
However, if a person doesn't gamble at all, then they have neither suffering nor suffering of change (happiness) related to gambling. As a result, in regard to gambling, their peace is complete, lasting, pure, and free.
有些人说：我一点爱好都没有，一点欲望都没有，那我活着还有啥意思呢？其实，对人类来说这是不可能的。人类生来就有很多与生俱来的、潜在的需求，就有很多的苦。
Some people may say, "If I have no hobby or desire at all, what's the point of living?" Actually, this is impossible for humans. Humans are born with many innate and potential needs, leading to numerous suffering.
随着年龄的增长和环境的影响或刺激，求不得苦、爱别离苦、怨憎会苦，以及各种疾病的痛苦，就会不断地呈现出来，而不得不去寻求缓解或者暂时解除的办法。
As they age and under the influence or stimulation of the environment, the suffering of not getting what one wants, the suffering of separation from what one loves, and the suffering of encountering what one dislikes, as well as the suffering of various illnesses, will constantly emerge. Thus, they have to seek methods to alleviate or temporarily remove the sufferings.
我们要知道，当人类对大多数的事情还只是停留在爱好的阶段的时候，就都很愿意去做这件事，因为求不得苦比较弱，也比较容易实现和满足。
We should understand that in most cases, when something is in the hobby stage, people are willing to do it. This is because the suffering of not getting what one wants is relatively weak, and it is easy to implement and satisfy them.
在实现的同时，痛苦得到了缓解，负面情绪也得到了舒缓，而这种变苦（快乐）也好像是普通人类继续活下去的理由。
During implementation, both suffering and negative emotions are alleviated, and this suffering of change (happiness) seems to be a reason for ordinary people to continue living.
当一个人吃饱了、穿暖了，等各种基本生理需求获得了满足，其他各种与生俱来的、潜在的需求就会不断地呈现出来，例如，社交需求、尊重需求、求知需求、审美需求等。
When a person's basic physical needs, such as food and clothing, are satisfied, other innate and potential needs will constantly emerge. For example, social needs, the need for respect, the need for knowledge, aesthetic needs, etc.
满足这些需求，是被普罗大众所接受的，所以这个社会的娱乐业和教育业很发达，既是合法的，也是符合普世价值观的。
Meeting these needs is accepted by the general public. Hence, the entertainment and education industries are prosperous, as they are not only legal but also in line with universal values.
但是，大多数人类从来没有去想过，爱好是有可能变成嗜好的，嗜好是有可能变成癖好的，癖好是有可能变成瘾好的，并且所有的爱好都一样，都有可能会越变越强烈，没有例外。
However, most people have never thought that interests may become hobbies, hobbies may become obsessions, and obsessions may become addictions. And all hobbies may intensify, without exception.
比如对干净的贪著。干净包括生活环境的干净、食物的干净、衣服的干净和自己身体的干净等几大类。
For example, let's consider the attachment to cleanliness, including cleanliness of the living environment, cleanliness of food, cleanliness of clothes, cleanliness of one's own body, etc.
普通人都喜欢干净，但并没有很强的贪著心，大多数情况都能活得相对安乐；
Ordinary people appreciate cleanliness but don't have a strong attachment to it. In most cases, they can live in relative peace.
有一类人很爱干净，贪著心很强，对环境、饮食、衣服和身体的干净度要求很高，他们很喜欢打扫或清洗；
There is a group of people who love cleanliness and have a strong attachment to it. They have high requirements for the cleanliness of their environment, food, clothing, and body. They enjoy cleaning or washing.
还有少数人有洁癖，对于干净的执着已经变成了病态，他们需要不停地打扫和清洗，来缓解心理上的痛苦和负面情绪。
Moreover, there is a small percentage of people with mysophobia, whose attachment to cleanliness has become pathological. They have to constantly clean and wash in order to alleviate their psychological suffering and negative emotions.
其实，爱干净和洁癖的本质是一样的，都是心理上觉得不干净的时候，就会觉得苦，就会不开心，区别在量上。
In essence, the love for cleanliness and mysophobia are the same. In both cases, when individuals perceive something as unclean, they experience suffering. The difference lies in the intensity of this attachment.
如果没有智者的教导，人类就不懂得反省和克制，所以，现在社会大多数人都是越活贪求心就越多、越大，各种痛苦和负面情绪也就越多、越大，难以自拔，只能忙于寻求缓解的办法。
Without guidance from the wise, humanity wouldn't turn to introspection and self-control. Therefore, in today's society, most people are becoming more and more greedy. As a result, various sufferings and negative emotions are growing in quantity and intensity, making it difficult for people to free themselves. Consequently, they have to constantly seek methods of alleviation.
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